Allergies are one of the most frequent causes of veterinary dermatological consultations. Just like humans, dogs and cats can develop allergic reactions to foods, environmental substances and parasites.
Types of allergy
Atopic dermatitis: reaction to environmental allergens such as pollen, dust mites and mold. Food allergy:proteins like chicken, beef and wheat are the most common triggers. DAPP: flea bite allergy dermatitis — a single bite can trigger intense itching.
Common symptoms
Persistent itching, excessive paw licking, skin redness, recurrent ear infections, hair loss and self-trauma injuries. In cats, the allergy may manifest as an eosinophilic granuloma.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis involves exclusion of other causes, an elimination diet (for food allergies), and intradermal or serological testing to identify specific environmental allergens.
Treatment
Management includes avoidance of the allergen when possible, medicated baths, immunotherapy, and medications such as apoquel or corticosteroids in crises. Strict flea control is essential in all cases.
